Summer+Jarrett

In History Class

Why where spices so important to the Portuguese?
 * To preserve food
 * to make food taste better
 * They wanted to go to India to find these spices.

The Journal of Christopher Columbus
 * On the final voyage to America they got shipwrecked on the Island of Jamaica, They where there for about a year, almost dieing of starvation. He used science to win the support of the natives. He tricked the native with his educatioin of science.

What key ideas and development for the Renaissance affected European exploration?
 * the new ideas about science
 * religion declined therefore making way for new religions.

The Search for Spices Objectives: (November 16, 2010)
 * 1) Understand European Motivation for exploring the seas.
 * 2) Analyze Early Portuguese and Spanish Exploration.
 * 3) Describe European searches for a direct route to Asia.


 * Oil is an item that controls to world as we know it today, as we know oil is scarce. there is a organization called Oil. Producing. Exporting. Countries. OPEC. This organization includes countries such as Iran, Iraq, Nigeria, and Venezuela and more. Other countries that produce and export oil is China, India, and Russia. OPEC controls the oil supply of the world because they decide how much oil will be produced, and the price of oil during that year.**

How and why did Portugal take lead in overseas exploration? Portugal took the lead in overseas explortaion because Prince Henry sponsored the exploration, they were very developed for there time in navigation because they had a more developed ship in order to explore the seas. Along with them had a team of people to help them and the exploration, they had map makers and other experts. They created a trading empire in which the had in there control the key ports surrounding the India seas. Which is where all of their spices came form.

Objectives:
 * 1) Describe how Portugese extablished footholds on Africa's coast.
 * 2) Analyze how European actions affected the slave trade and the rise of African states.
 * 3) Understand how the European presence in Africa expanded.

November 18th, 2010

How and Why did the Portuguese begin exploration in Africa?

They don't try to colonize South or Southeast Asia, they just establish trading posts.

What preparations do you need to set up a post in Asia?

Objectives:
 * summarize how Portugal build a trading empire in south and southeast Asia.
 * Analyze the raise of the Dutch and Spanish dominate in the region.
 * Understand how the decline of Mughal India affected European traders in the region.

How and why did the Portuguese begin exploration in Africa? Predict: What would the impact be in South and Southeast Asia?

The Portuguese began exploration in Africa for slaves (people that would repair their ships). They would set up forts and trading posts in South and Southeast Asia too.

Strategic- pertaining to, characterized by, or of the nature of strategy

Anjis presentation:
 * Portuguese set off to the Indian Ocean by Alfonso de Albuquerque.
 * they wanted to end Muslim leadership, and convert everyone to Christianity.
 * The Portuguese massacres Muslims and built trade routes and militarize.
 * The Dutch where the first to challenge the Portuguese domination in Asian trade.
 * The Dutch dominated the whole region.
 * used military force increased trading goals.
 * the Dutch married Asian woman to increase the trading goals.
 * Spain seized the Philippines.
 * Spain wanted to convert the Phillipinos to Christianity.
 * A great empire shatters, when the Mughal empire weakened french and English traders fought for power.
 * the Europeans are only able to establish their posts when the Mughal empire.

Objectives-
 * Describe European contacts with Ming China
 * Understand the Manchu conquest and it impacts on European trade.
 * Analyze the factors that led Korea to isolate itself from other nations.
 * summarize Japans attitude toward foreign trade and how they changed over time.

Gabby's presentation: Encounter in East Asia. >> He was one of the most brilliant age of the Qing.
 * The Portuguese reached Asia in 1514.
 * The Chinese thought of the Portuguese as Barbarians
 * Europeans wrote enthusiastically about China
 * The Chinese demanded payment in gold or silver
 * Most Jesuits had a broad knowledge of many subjects, and the Chinese welcomed the change to learn about the Renaissance from these scholars
 * In the early 1600s, the Ming dynasty was decaying
 * The Qing Dynasty was set up by the Manchus
 * Kangxi ruled from 1661-1722.
 * China’s population rose from 140 million in 1740 to over 300 million by 1800.
 * In the 1800s China would learn that its policy of ignoring Westerners and their technology would have undesired consequences
 * After learning that Spain seized the Philippines, they may have seen the newcomers as threats. They worried that Japanese Christians, as many as 300,000 owed their allegiance to the pope, rather than to Japanese leaders.

November 19, 2010 Scott presentation: Conquest to the Americas
 * Christopher Columbus went to discover the Americas, West Indies.
 * encountered Taino poeple.
 * he seized land in the west indies.
 * Soon after Columbus various Spanish conquistadors follow in him trying to conquer the world.
 * the silent invader which was a disease which came and killed many Native Americans, where ever they went they brought them even though they were immune to them others had not experienced it before.
 * Cortes- other famous conquistador he landed on the coast of Mexico and adcanced to the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan.
 * Mocterzuma was the emperor of the Aztecs at the time.
 * Montezuma thought that Cortes was an Aztec god who had long ago vowed to return to the East.
 * When the Spanish arrived at the Aztec capital they were amazed at the grandeur of it. the Spanish tried to convert them to Christianity, but they didn't want to convert and Montezuma was protecting them, and they decided to imprison him to keep him from disturbing the plan.
 * in 1521 Cortes returned to the Indian allies and they captured and demolished the whole city.
 * Pizzaro and the Incas Corte's successs inspired Fraancisco Pizzaro. he was interested in the Incan people of Peru.
 * Pizzaro eventually killed the Emperoro after the INca payed his ransom.
 * the spanish soon managed to gain access to the inca heartland.
 * the legacy the the spanish left behind, they conquered almost all of the "Americas'.
 * they collonized well, they recieved gold, and many other assets.

Objectives: Activities: Answer the following questions in your groups:
 * Analyze the results of the first encouters between the Spanish and Native Americans.
 * Explain how Cortes and Pizarro gained control of the Aztec and the Incan empire.
 * Understand the short-term and long- term effects of the Spanish on the peoples of the Americas.

What were some of the results of the encounters between the Spanish and the Native Americans?

When the Spanish conquered the Native Americas they brought with them diseases, such as small pox. which they were immune to but the Native Americans were not used to them therefore it killed of 90% of the Native American population.

How did Cortes and Pizarro gain control of the Aztec and Incan Empires?

Cortes and Pizarro gained control of the Aztec and Incan Empires by tricking, imprisoning, capturing and killing the Aztecs and Incas. the Aztecs thought Cortes was a God so they welcomed him.

What were the short-term and long- term effects of the Spanish on the peoples of the Americas?

In the short-term effect the Spanish killed a lot of people, the quick changes in government, and the development of the Americas. But the long-term effects are much greater because today most of the Americas in influenced by the Spanish, and most of the the native language throughout most of the Americas is Spanish, meaning the have Spanish culture, food, arts and architecture.

November 23,2010 Spanish and Portuguese conlonies in the Americas: Aqsa Zia
 * Several Spanish settlers and missionaries were followed by the conquistadors for the new empire.
 * Between 1500's Spain claimed a vast empire from California to South America.
 * Spreading Christianity was important for the Spanish people as they were gaining lands.
 * The most valuable source which the Spanish were trading to make the empire profitable was gold and silver, then sugar cane became the most profitable source.
 * The Spanish gave the conquistadors the rite to demand labor from the Native Americans, from the particular area.
 * Some of the priest came a step forward and condemned the cruel encomienda system.
 * As there was the shortage of slaves, Las Casas prodded the colonists to bring workers from Africa.
 * From the fact that the Spanish were the most dominant people in the Americas, still there was a change in the traditions.
 * The Tupian Indians, the Native Americans who lived in Brazil, were dying because of disease.
 * In 1500's Spain became the most powerful country of the Europe due to the wealth of Americas, and Portugal was just behind.

Page 139 Questions 1-3: 1.C. 2.B. 3.A.

Taylors Presentation: Struggle for North America
 * In the 1600'S FRANCE, ENGLAND, SWEDEN, AND THE NETHERLANDS JOINED SPANISH AND SETTLED IN NORTH AMERICA.
 * within 200 years the french controlled half of America.
 * New France started to quietly grow while rulers were busy by the wars at home.
 * When the French explorers and fur traders traveled around the Native Americans would help
 * John Cabot- found rich fishing places off New found land, English territory.
 * in 162o another group of English settlers called pilgrims settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts.

November 30, 2010 1) Report Card for Queen Elizabeth I (1) || Below Average  (2) || Average  (3) || Above Average  (4) || Outstanding  (5) ||
 * || Poor
 * Charisma ||  ||   ||   ||   || 5 ||
 * Intelligence ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Determination ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Ability to Problem-Solve ||  ||   || 3 ||   ||   ||
 * Decision-Making Ability ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Describe the person's leadership style ||  ||   ||   || 4 ||   ||
 * Significance to others ||  ||   || 3 ||   ||   ||
 * Evidence of Achievements ||  || 2 ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Relevance to Contemporary History ||  || 2 ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score:31 || / 45 ||
 * Overall Impact on History ||  ||   ||   || Score:31 || / 45 ||

Comments (write a paragraph): Queen Elizabeth is a confident and powerful leader she is dedicated to country, and she proved that one person can impact history, because she transformed England from Catholic to Protestant.

The Impact of the Slave Trade:
 * it helped develop aspects of the economy
 * it helped develop the government because they had power over many countries.
 * the triangular trade was a three legged trade between Europe, the Americas and Africa.
 * they killed all the slaves already settled in the Americas then brought Africans.

The colonies had lots of goods Lots of goods Lots of goods The colonies had lots of goods That they needed to trade.

Europe sent rum and guns rum and guns rum and guns They sent rum and guns to Africa As their part of the trade.

From Africa went slaves and gold Slaves and gold Slaves and gold From Africa went slaves and gold To the West Indies.

The islands had molasses and sugar Molasses and sugar Molasses and sugar The islands had molasses and sugar To America it went.

America needed lots of slaves Lots of slaves Lots of slaves America needed lots of slaves To work in its fields Europe needed lots of goods Lots of Goods Lots of Goods Europe needed lots of goods Sooo they got their goods from the West Indies